Orbital Welding of Stainless Steel Tubing for Biopharmaceutical, Food and Dairy Applications by Barbara Henon, Ph.D., Arc Machines, Inc Orbital welding has been proven to be a very effective method for joining of stainless steel tubing for systems in which the products flowing through them must be maintained in a clean and/or sterile condition. The [...]

Arc Welding Positions The types of welds, joints, and welding positions used in manual-shielded metal arc welding are very similar to those used in oxygas welding. Naturally, the techniques are somewhat different because of the equipment involved is different. Flat-Position Welding Earlier reexplained that welding can be done in any position, but it is much [...]

Many of the welding difficulties in metal-arc weld-ing  are  the  same  as  in  oxygas  welding.  A  few  suchproblems include undercut, cracked welds, poor fusion,and  incomplete  penetration.Table 7-3 provides an illustration of the most com-mon  welding  problems  encountered  during  the  arc-welding process and methods to correct them.Every welder has the responsibility of making eachweld the best [...]

Just about anything made of metal is potentially subject to corrosion. A particularly important problem in the petrochemical and power generation industries is measurement of remaining wall thickness in pipes, tubes, or tanks that may be corroded on the inside surface. Such corrosion is often not detectable by visual inspection without cutting or disassembling the [...]

General Description of the Application There are innumerable welded tubes and pipes in the oil and gas industry. From manufacture through the entire service life of these welded parts, they must be inspected and monitored because of pressure and toxic contents. Magnetic particle inspections are frequently used, but this technique is limited to surface or [...]

  Ultrasonic phased arrays present major improvements over conventional multiprobe ultrasonics for inspecting pipeline girth welds, both for onshore and for offshore use. Probe pans are lighter and smaller, permitting less cutback; scans are quicker due to the smaller probe pan; phased arrays are considerably more flexible for changes in pipe dimensions or weld profiles, [...]

Application: Evaluating the integrity of spot weld joints in metal. Background: Spot welding is a common technique for joining two pieces of metal, usually thin sheets or plates, by means of a series of small circular tack joints. The process is widely used in the automotive industry for body assembly and some chassis joints, and [...]

WELDING MACHINES & RODS Most welding needs, for both individual and commercial use, can be met by using a fewcommon welding rods. Listed below is a question about a welding machine and short descriptions of the characteristics and applications of five welding rods. What welding machine should I use? For an “all around general use” [...]

  Acceptance  standards  for (NDT) (1104)   2005     No   Defect   Conditions       Shape (Drow) 1 Porosity ( P ) a-The size of an individual pore          1/8″ (3mm) .    b- The size of an individual pore          exceeds  25% of the thinner of            nominal wall thickness  joined  [...]